Iceland, this fascinating island where fire and ice coexist, is also the realm of active volcanoes. The volcanic ash clouds that can result are not just an impressive spectacle but also a factor that can seriously disrupt your trip.
During our last road trip along the south coast in a campervan, we faced a volcanic alert that changed our plans. Fortunately, we were well prepared thanks to suitable insurance. This experience convinced us of the importance of sharing with you all the essential information about ash cloud insurance in South Iceland.
“The wild beauty of Iceland deserves to be explored, but as responsible travelers, we must be prepared for its volcanic whims.”
In this article, you’ll discover why this specific insurance is much more than an option, how it works, when it’s essential, and how to choose the best protection for your Icelandic adventure.
- Understanding Volcanic Risks in Iceland
- What is Sand and Ash Protection (SAAP) Insurance?
- When is Sand and Ash Insurance Necessary?
- Vehicle Rental in Iceland: The Essentials
- Myths and Realities about Sand and Ash Insurance
- How to Choose the Best Insurance?
- ABeyond Car Insurance: Complete Trip Protection
- Preparation and Prevention
- Our Curious Souls Experience
- FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions
- Conclusion
Understanding Volcanic Risks in Iceland
The Unique Geological Context
Iceland is not simply a Nordic country like others – it’s a true geological wonder located exactly at the meeting point of the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates. This exceptional position explains why the island has no less than 35 active volcanoes. Iceland was literally born from fire and continues to transform before our eyes.
The country is traversed by a mid-ocean ridge, responsible for intense volcanic activity. This geological reality makes Iceland one of the most volcanically active places on our planet, with an eruption every 4-5 years on average.
Recent Eruptions and Their Impact
The Eyjafjallajökull eruption in 2010 remains in everyone’s memory. This volcano with an unpronounceable name paralyzed European air traffic for several days, affecting more than 10 million travelers and causing economic losses estimated at 1.7 billion euros. More recently, the Litli-Hrútur eruption in 2023 reminded us of the unpredictable nature of these phenomena. If you plan to visit Thingvellir National Park, know that this region has experienced several volcanic events over the centuries.
These ash clouds are not just a problem for aviation. They can also:
- Seriously damage vehicles (engine, paint, filters)
- Cause respiratory health problems
- Make certain roads impassable
- Force the evacuation of popular tourist areas
The Reykjanes evacuation routes have been specifically established to address these risks.
Risk Zones in South Iceland
The south coast of Iceland, particularly popular with tourists for sites such as Skogafoss, Seljalandsfoss or the Solheimasandur plane wreck, is also one of the most exposed to volcanic risks.
The main risk areas include:
- The Reykjanes Peninsula (close to the international airport)
- The region around Katla (under the Mýrdalsjökull glacier)
- The surroundings of Eyjafjallajökull
- The Vatnajökull area in the southeast
If you plan to rent a van in Iceland or a car, this information is crucial to understand why sand and ash insurance is not just an optional extra.
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What is Sand and Ash Protection (SAAP) Insurance?
Definition and Coverage
Sand and Ash insurance, often called SAAP (Sand And Ash Protection), is a specific insurance designed to cover damage caused by sand and volcanic ash to your rental vehicle in Iceland.
Important: Contrary to what many think, this insurance is not only linked to active volcanic eruptions. It mainly covers damage caused by sand and ash storms that can occur even in the absence of recent eruptions.
Iceland is covered by approximately 20% sand fields and ash residue from past eruptions. Combined with the frequent strong winds on the island, these elements can cause significant damage to vehicles:
- Scratches and paint damage
- Abrasion of headlights and windows
- Windshield damage
- Engine filtration and air intake problems
- Deterioration of seals and rubber parts
Difference from Other Insurance
It is crucial to understand that SAAP is not included in the standard collision insurance (CDW) offered by Icelandic rental companies. That’s why it’s offered as an additional option.
Here’s what sets SAAP apart from other coverages:
| Insurance Type | Sand/Ash Damage Coverage | Accident Coverage | Theft Coverage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard CDW | ❌ No | ✅ Yes (with deductible) | ✅ Partial |
| SAAP | ✅ Yes | ❌ No | ❌ No |
| Full Protection | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes (with deductible) | ✅ Complete |
If you plan to explore the magnificent landscapes of Dyrholaey or Fjadrárgljúfur, these exposed areas deserve complete protection for your vehicle.
When is Sand and Ash Insurance Necessary?
Seasonality of Risks
The risks related to sand and ash vary considerably depending on the season. Here’s what you need to know:
🌱 February to April: Highest risk period
- Melting snow leaves sand dry and loose
- Spring winds are particularly violent
- 80% of sand storms occur during this period
☀️ May to September: Moderate risk
- Vegetation helps keep sand on the ground
- More frequent precipitation limits particle liftoff
- Risk remains present in desert areas of the south
❄️ October to January: Lower risk
- Frozen ground and snow stabilize particles
- Beware, however, of winter storms that can lift debris
If you’re planning to see the Northern Lights in Iceland, often visible from September to March, keep in mind that this period partially overlaps with the high-risk season.
Geographic Areas to Watch
Southern Iceland has several areas particularly sensitive to sand and ash storms. According to statistics, between 2002 and 2010, 80% of sand and ash storms started in just 14 places in Iceland.
The highest risk areas include:
- Mýrdalssandur (near Vík)
- Skeiðarársandur (close to Vatnajökull National Park)
- Landeyjasandur (on the way to Seljalandsfoss)
- The region around Katla Geopark
Aggravating Weather Conditions
The determining factor for sand and ash storms is wind speed. Under favorable conditions, a wind speed of just 7-8 m/s (25-29 km/h) can be enough to trigger a storm.
For reference:
- 5-6 m/s: Moderate wind, leaves and small branches move
- 7-8 m/s: Strong wind, beginning of risk for sand storms
- 9+ m/s: High risk, sand and ash particles can cause significant damage
Practical advice: Always check the www.road.is website before hitting the road. This official site provides real-time information on road conditions and sand or ash storm alerts.
Vehicle Rental in Iceland: The Essentials
To fully enjoy Iceland and its extraordinary landscapes, renting a vehicle is almost essential. Whether you opt for a car or a campervan, here’s what you need to remember:
- Vehicle type: In summer, a standard car is sufficient for the Ring Road. In winter, a 4×4 becomes essential, especially to visit sites like Reynisdrangar or the Fjadrargljufur canyon.
- Essential insurance: Besides CDW (included), SAAP (sand and ash protection) is crucial, particularly if you explore the south of the island or travel between February and April.
- Practical tips: Always check road.is before leaving, keep your gas tank full, and allow extra time for your journeys.
If you’re looking to combine comfort and economy, a van offers the advantage of also serving as accommodation, ideal for observing the Northern Lights or spending the night at Thakgil campsite.
Whatever your option, don’t forget that SAAP insurance will be your best ally to enjoy your Icelandic adventure with peace of mind! 🇮🇸
Myths and Realities about Sand and Ash Insurance
Debunking Misconceptions
There are several misconceptions about sand and ash insurance in Iceland. Let’s clarify the most common ones:
Myth #1: “SAAP insurance is just a way for rental companies to charge me more.” Reality: Damage caused by sand and ash is one of the most frequent causes of claims in Iceland. Rental companies created this specific insurance to address a real and frequent risk.
Myth #2: “I need this insurance only in case of a volcanic eruption.” Reality: The insurance mainly covers damage caused by sand and ash storms that can occur even without a recent eruption, due to volcanic residues already present in the environment.
Myth #3: “My standard travel insurance already covers this type of damage.” Reality: Most international travel insurance policies do not cover specific damage to rental vehicles in Iceland. Always check the details of your policy.
Myth #4: “Sand storms are rare and only concern certain isolated regions.” Reality: These phenomena can occur almost anywhere on the island but are particularly frequent in the south, precisely where many popular tourist sites like Gullfoss waterfall or Kerið crater are located.
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Real Examples of Damage
Here are some concrete examples of damage caused by sand and ash that we have observed or that travelers have reported to us:
- A couple visiting Reynisdrangar left their car in the parking lot for only two hours. A sudden sand storm caused micro-scratches all over the bodywork, resulting in an €800 bill.
- A family on an excursion near Vík was surprised by strong winds lifting ash. The air filters of their 4×4 were saturated, causing an engine breakdown and requiring costly towing.
- An amateur photographer got stuck near the Yoda Cave during a storm. His windshield was so damaged by particles that it had to be replaced, at a cost of nearly €1,000.
Potential Costs Without Insurance
Without SAAP insurance, repair costs can quickly add up:
- Polishing and treatment of scratched bodywork: €400-800
- Windshield replacement: €800-1,200
- Complete cleaning of the filtration system: €300-500
- Repair of engine damage related to particle infiltration: €1,000-3,000
Considering that SAAP insurance generally costs between €10 and €25 per day of rental, the investment seems reasonable compared to the potential financial risks.
How to Choose the Best Insurance?
Selection Criteria
To choose the SAAP insurance best suited to your needs, here are the essential criteria to consider:
- Full vs. partial coverage: Some insurance only covers bodywork damage, others include mechanical systems.
- Deductible: The amount you’ll have to pay before insurance takes over (ideally, look for a zero-deductible option).
- Coverage limit: Make sure the maximum amount covered is high enough.
- Geographic validity: Check that coverage applies to all regions you plan to visit, including highlands if your itinerary includes them.
- Claim procedure: Prefer companies offering a simple and quick process.
Essential Questions to Ask
Before subscribing to SAAP insurance, ask these key questions:
- “Does coverage apply 24/7, even if the vehicle is parked?”
- “What types of sand and ash-related damage are excluded?”
- “Are there weather conditions that would invalidate coverage?”
- “How can I prove that damage is due to sand/ash?”
- “What is the deadline for reporting an incident?”
Pitfalls to Avoid
Watch out for these common pitfalls in SAAP insurance contracts:
- Geographic exclusion clauses: Some insurance doesn’t cover F-type areas (mountain roads) or beaches.
- Weather restrictions: Check if coverage is invalid in case of official weather alerts.
- Required documentation: Some companies require extensive photographic evidence before and after damage.
- Restrictive definitions: Make sure the definition of “damage caused by sand and ash” is broad enough.
If you plan to explore Thakgil campsite, one of the most beautiful but also most isolated in Iceland, comprehensive insurance is particularly recommended.
ABeyond Car Insurance: Complete Trip Protection
Travel Insurance and Volcanic Disruptions
Beyond protecting your vehicle, it’s essential to consider how volcanic eruptions can affect your entire trip to Iceland. Comprehensive travel insurance should ideally cover:
- Flight cancellation due to ash clouds
- Additional accommodation expenses if you’re stranded in Iceland
- Repatriation in case evacuation is necessary
- Medical care related to respiratory problems caused by ash
It’s crucial to note that standard travel insurance generally considers volcanic eruptions as “natural disasters.” However, once an eruption or alert is announced in the media, it becomes a “known event” and is no longer covered by newly purchased policies.
What to Do in Case of Flight Cancellation
If your flight is canceled due to an ash cloud, here are the steps to follow:
- Contact your airline immediately
- European airlines are legally required to offer you either a refund or rerouting
- Document all additional expenses
- Keep all receipts for accommodation, meals, and transportation
- Inform your insurer as soon as possible
- Many require notification within 24-48 hours of the incident
- Gather evidence of the event
- News articles, official airport communications, etc.
If you’ve planned to visit the Blue Lagoon or have lunch at the Lava Restaurant, be aware that these sites are close to volcanically active areas and may be affected by alerts.
Differences Between Insurance Types
There are significant differences between European and non-European insurance regarding volcanic disruption coverage:
- European insurance: Generally more comprehensive concerning volcanic disruptions, with higher caps for accommodation expenses (up to €150/day)
- Non-European insurance: May have specific exclusions for volcanic events in Iceland or lower caps (often limited to €50-80/day)
- Specialized insurance: Some insurers offer specific “volcanic risk” extensions that provide better coverage for a small supplement
Curious Soul Tip: To maximize your protection, consider combining insurance offered by your premium credit card (if you have one) with specific travel insurance including volcanic risks.
Preparation and Prevention
Resources for Monitoring Volcanic Activity
To travel safely in Iceland, we recommend following these essential resources:
- Vedur.is: The official website of the Icelandic Meteorological Office, with real-time information on volcanic activity and weather conditions
- SafeTravel.is: Official safety portal for travelers in Iceland, including alerts and advice
- 112 Iceland App: Official emergency application that allows you to share your position and receive alerts
- Volcanoweather.is: Site specialized in forecasting volcanic ash dispersions
These resources are particularly useful if you plan to explore areas like Kerlingarfjöll or other regions near active volcanoes.
Checking Road Conditions
The road.is website is your best ally for checking real-time road conditions. This official site of the Icelandic Road Administration offers:
- Live updates on road conditions
- Alerts concerning sand or ash storms
- Road webcams to visualize conditions
- Forecasts of road closures
Pro-tip: Check this site every morning before hitting the road, and ideally at noon for updates on changing conditions.
Recommended Equipment
To better protect your vehicle and yourself during your trip to Iceland, we recommend bringing:
- Vehicle protection cover: Particularly useful for nights in exposed areas
- Additional air filters: If you’re renting for a long period
- Dust masks: In case of ash storms (also useful during COVID periods)
- Bottled water: To quickly clean headlights and windows
- Microfiber cloths: To wipe dust without scratching surfaces
Action Plan in Case of Storm
If you’re surprised by a sand or ash storm:
- Slow down immediately if you’re driving
- Seek shelter if possible (tunnel, gas station, building)
- Turn off external ventilation of the vehicle
- Turn on your lights to stay visible
- Don’t resume driving until visibility has improved
- Inspect your vehicle as soon as possible after the event
If you plan to bathe in hot springs like Hrunalaug Hot Spring or Hvammsvík Hot Springs, always check alerts before leaving, as these areas can sometimes be evacuated during intense volcanic activities.
Our Curious Souls Experience
As Curious Souls, we’ve had several experiences with volcanic ash during our trips to Iceland. During our last road trip in a campervan along the south coast, we faced a sudden sand storm near Vík.
Our rental van was fortunately covered by comprehensive SAAP insurance, which proved to be a wise decision. Despite our precautions (parking facing the wind, protective cover), we noticed slight scratches on the bodywork and sand residue in the filters.
What we learned:
- Weather can change incredibly quickly in Iceland
- Even with a favorable forecast, you should always be prepared
- SAAP insurance is not a luxury but a necessity to explore serenely
“After seeing the bill our camping neighbors had to pay for similar damage without adequate insurance, I can affirm that SAAP is one of the best investments for your trip to Iceland.”
If you’re planning to observe whales in Iceland in winter or chase Northern Lights in Reykjavik, don’t forget that these activities also expose you to the elements, and good preparation remains essential.
FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions
Is SAAP insurance included in my standard travel insurance?
No, SAAP insurance is specific to Iceland and is generally not included in standard international travel insurance. It is offered by Icelandic vehicle rental companies as an additional option. Always check the details of your travel insurance policy, but prepare to have to purchase this additional protection.
Can I purchase insurance after learning that an eruption is imminent?
For SAAP insurance concerning your vehicle, yes, you can generally purchase it at any time before or even during your rental. However, for travel insurance covering flight disruptions due to volcanic ash, the answer is no. Once an eruption or alert is announced in the media, it becomes a “known event” and is no longer covered by newly purchased policies.
What should I do if I’m stranded in Iceland due to an ash cloud?
If you’re stranded in Iceland due to an ash cloud that has resulted in the cancellation of your flights:
- Contact your airline immediately to learn about rerouting options
- Inform your insurer of the situation
- Extend your accommodation (keep all receipts)
- Follow advice from local authorities via SafeTravel.is
- Stay in touch with your embassy
How can I prove that damage is due to sand or ash?
To prove that damage is due to sand or ash:
- Take clear photos of the damage
- Document weather conditions of the day (screenshots of alerts or forecasts)
- Get a statement from a local garage if possible
- Keep samples of particles if possible (in a plastic bag)
- Note the date, time, and exact location where the damage occurred
Does SAAP insurance cover all types of vehicles?
SAAP insurance generally covers all types of rental vehicles, from small city cars to 4x4s and campervans. However, some restrictions may apply:
- Very wide motorhomes may have limited coverage
- Off-road vehicles used on F-type roads may be subject to special conditions
- Luxury vehicles may have higher deductibles
Always check the specific conditions with your rental company.ueur.
Conclusion
Ash cloud insurance in South Iceland is not just an additional commercial product but essential protection to enjoy this extraordinary destination with peace of mind. The risks related to volcanic sand and ash are real and frequent, particularly in the southern region where so many must-see sites are located.
As Curious Souls, we believe in responsible and prepared exploration. Investing in comprehensive SAAP insurance is part of this approach, as is staying informed about weather and volcanic conditions.
Iceland, with its hot springs and Northern Lights, deserves every precaution we take to discover it with peace of mind. Because after all, it’s by traveling with peace of mind that we can truly immerse ourselves in the experience and appreciate every moment.
Feel free to share your own experiences with insurance in Iceland in the comments below. Your testimony could be valuable for other travelers seeking adventure on this fascinating island! 🇮🇸❄️🌋
Article mis à jours le 13 March 2025 par Pierre Bouyer
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